FE-SEM with EDX
High-resolution imaging of surface morphology and topography at the nanoscale, with elemental composition from EDX in a single experiment.
PKR 6,000
Proforma
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Instruments and techniques
Sixteen techniques from the published rate table. Filter by group, then open a technique for sample rules, the rate, and its proforma.
16Techniques
5Facility groups
14Request proformas
1Rate pending (PL)
XPS
Measures elemental composition and chemical states in the top 1–10 nm, revealing oxidation states, surface chemistry and bonding.
PKR 10,000
Proforma
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BET
Determines the specific surface area of porous materials from nitrogen gas adsorption at cryogenic temperature.
PKR 10,000
Proforma
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XRD
Identifies crystalline structure, phase composition and crystallite size from a diffraction pattern unique to each material.
PKR 3,000
Proforma
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TGA
Tracks mass change with temperature or time to assess thermal stability, decomposition behaviour and moisture content.
PKR 3,000
Proforma
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DSC
Detects melting, crystallization, glass transitions and curing from the heat-flow difference between sample and reference.
PKR 3,000
Proforma
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FTIR
Identifies chemical bonds and functional groups from infrared absorption, giving a molecular signature and a check on purity.
PKR 1,000
Proforma
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UV-Vis
Measures UV and visible absorption or transmission to quantify analytes and study electronic transitions and bandgaps.
PKR 1,500
Proforma
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DRS
A UV-Vis method for opaque or light-scattering solids such as powders, giving absorption properties and the optical bandgap.
PKR 1,500
Proforma
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PL
A non-destructive optical probe of electronic structure and crystalline quality. Currently in the installation phase.
Pending
Rate pending
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EIS
Applies a small AC signal over a wide frequency range to reveal internal resistance, capacitance and charge-transfer kinetics.
PKR 1,500
Proforma
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CV
Cycles electrode potential while measuring current to study redox reactions, reaction kinetics and electrochemical properties.
PKR 1,500
Proforma
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IV
Measures how current varies with applied voltage to evaluate conductivity, resistance and device performance.
PKR 1,000
Proforma
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GC-MS
Separates volatile compounds by gas chromatography and identifies them by mass spectrometry, including trace organic components.
PKR 3,000
Proforma
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Zeta
Measures the surface charge of particles in suspension to judge dispersion stability and tendency to aggregate.
PKR 2,000
Proforma
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Rheometer
Measures flow and deformation under stress or strain: viscosity, elasticity and viscoelastic behaviour.
PKR 3,000
Proforma
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